Search terms used were “health”, “health statistics”, “health systems”, “socio-economic development”, and “southeast Asia”. Population age structures of countries in the region vary widely as a result of past differences in fertility, mortality, and migration trends (. As the overall wealth continues to grow in Southeast Asia so too will the demand for quality healthcare. Zoubanov A. A stormy future for population health in southeast Asia? Thailand started compulsory drug licensing in 2008. © 2020 Ochre Media Pvt Ltd. All Rights Reserved. The health-care systems are highly diverse, ranging from dominant tax-based financing to social insurance and high out-of-pocket payments across the region. While novel forms of health care are evolving in the region, such as corporatised public health-care systems (government owned, but operating according to corporate principles and with private-sector participation) and financing mechanisms to achieve universal coverage, there are key lessons for health reforms and decentralisation. All Southeast Asia’s healthcare systems are mixed models, utilising different proportions of general taxation, out-of-pocket payments and insurance (either mandatory social health insurance or voluntary private insurance). Data were gathered after a call for information from regional experts on selected subthemes related to health (geography, history, demography, epidemiology, and health systems). Implementing the road map for an ASEAN community 2015. With the pandemic, exhibition organisers have to resort to innovative measures to hold their exhibitions and to introduce new concepts. Climate change along with rapid economic development could exacerbate the spread of emerging infectious diseases. Healthcare in Southeast Asia has already begun to become more accessible to the region’s most vulnerable populations, who are the most likely to be driven into poverty due to healthcare costs. Health-care financing could be further restructured in response to future demographic shifts in age-dependency, as in introduction of medical savings and social insurance for long-term care. Uncontrolled forest fires raged in the Indonesian states of Kalimantan and Sumatra in 1997. In the cover story, Amit Varma of Quadria Capital discusses the opportunities in Southeast Asian Healthcare market and explains how to plan for the healthcare demand. World population prospects: the 2008 revision highlights. This is reflected in the high growth rate of 15 per cent, clocked year-on-year. The country is suffering from severe infrastructural limitations with only 0.6 hospitals bed per 1,000 population. The region is Report by the Secretariat, Nov 27, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61507-3, Health and health-care systems in southeast Asia: diversity and transitions, http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2008/wpp2008_highlights.pdf, http://www.singstat.gov.sg/stats/keyind.html#popnarea, http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/socind/literacy.htm, http://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/2009/en/index.html, http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/socind/health.htm, http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2009/en/indicators.shtml, View Large Indonesia has called for the urgent development of a new system for virus access and a fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the use of the influenza virus in research (now commonly referred to as viral sovereignty). With Coronavirus (COVID-19) plaguing the world, the consumer health industry in Southeast Asia is well-positioned to grow, as consumers stockpile on necessities such as over-the-counter drugs and immune-boosting supplements. The potential for growth in the healthcare industry in Southeast Asia remains strong, with the industry previously forecasted to reach a value of US$134.2 billion in 2020*, fuelled by rapid economic growth, a thriving medical tourism industry, and an aging population. From an economic perspective, opening of health-care markets promises substantial economic gains. The 1990s began with the opening up of socialist states and rapid growth among market economies in the region. The Global Leprosy Programme (GLP) of the World Health Organization is housed in the WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia (and not in the Organization’s headquarters in Geneva). The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific, Advancing women in science, medicine and global health, Blind, breathless, and paralysed from benign malaria, Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the UN Secretariat. Health impacts of rapid economic change in Thailand. Graphics bank: aging, speed of aging in selected countries. Amid the economic pressure and social instability that we are currently facing, seeking professional help could be another form of struggle. In the larger cities of Southeast Asia, healthcare at hospitals and private clinics is of an international caliber and quite affordable. These factors have not only contributed to the disparate health sta … Health and health-care systems in southeast Asia: diversity and transitions Lancet. State of the World's Cities 2006/7: the Millennium Goals and Urban Sustainability. Completing the fertility transition. Southeast Asia is a region of enormous social, economic, and political diversity, both across and within countries, shaped by its history, geography, and position as a major crossroad of trade and the movement of goods and services. Although the financial returns from this strategy seem substantial, equity issues have surfaced concerning the negative effects of international trade in health services and workforce migration on national health systems, especially in widening disparities in the rural–urban or public–private mix. Southeast Asia is a region of enormous social, economic, and political diversity, both across and within countries, shaped by its history, geography, and position as a major crossroad of trade and the movement of goods and services. In: UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division. The health effects of the 1997 haze in southeast Asia have been well documented. Private health expenditure is increasing relative to government expenditure, where new forms of financing include user charges, improved targeting of subsidies, and greater cost recovery. Rapid economic growth and growing population have combined to create a critical situation for Southeast Asian governments. As the pandemic takes a toll on healthcare systems, health technology companies demonstrate their capabilities and offer support. Get your exclusive copy today. It could also lead to undesirable outcomes whereby only the better-off will receive benefits from the liberalisation of trade policy in health. East Asia decentralizes: making local government work. Climate change and mosquito-borne disease. Regional collaboration in standards of data collection and health systems analysis is hampered by WHO's division of the ASEAN region into two areas under separate regional offices: the South-East Asia Regional Office, encompassing Indonesia, Myanmar, and Thailand, and the Western Pacific Regional Office, consisting of the remaining countries. Constraints on the retreat from a welfare-oriented approach to public health care in Malaysia. In that period, epidemic and chronic diseases, environmental transformations, and international health institutions have created new connections within the region and the increased interdependence of Southeast Asia … At the same time, however, this process could also intensify existing challenges in promotion of equitable access to health care within countries. Image, Download Hi-res Rapid urbanisation, population movement, and high-density living raise concerns about newly emerging infectious diseases, but these outbreaks have stimulated regional cooperation in information exchange and improvement in disease surveillance systems. Modern medical technology is available in the world market but at costs higher than most of the region's population can afford. It spread from Western countries to emerging Southeast Asian nations in … Promoting health and equity: evidence, policy and action—cases from the western Pacific region. In Indonesia, the latest data from YouGov shows that 27% of Indonesians have experienced suicidal thoughts. The private sectors in Singapore, Thailand, and Malaysia have capitalised on their comparative advantage to promote medical tourism and travel, combining health services for wealthy foreigners with recreational packages to boost consumption of such health services. Prasanthi Sadhu, Editor, Asian Hospitals and Healthcare Management . The emergence of influenza A H5N1 and H1N1 outbreaks has led to common efforts to strengthen epidemiological surveillance and stockpiling of antiviral drugs. The growth of corporate private hospitals in Malaysia: contradictions in health system pluralism. Healthcare in Southeast Asia Poised for growth. Was the economic crisis 1997–1998 responsible for rising suicide rates in east/southeast Asia? Health consequences of forest fires in Indonesia. These factors have not only contributed to the disparate health status of the region's diverse populations, but also to the diverse nature of its health systems, which are at varying stages of evolution. Attune Technologies. Because of poor local economic conditions, the Philippines had a policy to export human resources for health to the world and to richer countries in the region as an income-generating mechanism. The impact of the 1997–98 East Asian economic crisis on health and health care in Indonesia. The future of labor migration in Asia: patterns, issues, policies. These data illustrate the success of Singapore in reducing mortality from the diseases of poverty, as well as the effects of inadequate chronic disease control programmes, although there is evidence of some success in control of lifestyle-related diseases in recent years. The region also enjoys the benefits of having a strong medical tourism industry. Human resources for health in southeast Asia: shortages, distributional challenges, and international trade in health services. Population ageing in east and southeast Asia: current situation and emerging challenges. Adding to the AI impetus, countries in the region are struggling with shortages of HCPs amid rising demand for better healthcare. The speed and timing of fertility reduction has varied widely across the region (. But there is a stunning diversity in the health systems of the ASEAN-10 cluster. Fires in Indonesia: causes, costs and policy implications. Although deaths due to road traffic accidents have subsequently decreased and cardiovascular diseases seem to have reached a plateau, breast cancer has continued to rise. Climate change could exacerbate the spread of emerging infectious diseases in the region, especially vector-borne diseases linked to rises in temperature and rainfall. A timetrend analysis for Japan, Hong Kong, S. Korea, Taiwan, Singapore and Thailand. With increasing populations and the rise of the middle class leading the call for better provision and higher quality healthcare, Southeast Asia is primed to see a boom in the healthcare industry. In this first paper in the, Southeast Asia consists of the ten independent countries located along the continental arcs and offshore archipelagos of Asia—Brunei, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and Myanmar (Burma) (. Regulations and measures like the restructuring or corporatisation of public hospitals in Singapore in 1985 and the Swadana (selffinancing) hospitals in Indonesia, the WHO Regional Strategy for Universal Health Care (UHC), strengthening the community-based health workforce in the context of revitalisation of primary healthcare and more have positively affected the region. Southeast Asians are becoming more aware of the need to address their health issues properly, but the underdeveloped state of Southeast Asia’s healthcare infrastructure, as well as resource shortages, still make these needs difficult to address effectively. Comparative health care financing systems, with special reference to east Asian countries. Many traditional health practices persist alongside the use of new medical technologies and pharmaceutical products, presenting regulatory problems in terms of safety and quality. Countries in Southeast Asia and their health system reforms can thus be categorized according to the s… The regression equation (not shown) suggests that a doubling of per head income is associated with a reduction in tuberculosis prevalence of 73%. Seroprevalence of HIV among female sex workers in Bangkok: evidence of ongoing infection risk after the “100% condom program” was implemented. South-East Asia Regional Office and Western Pacific Regional Office for WHO, Towards regional collaboration in global health. For elective, specialist surgery, and emergency treatment, medical insurance providers sometimes choose to evacuate their members to Singapore from other countries in the area. Qualitative information was retrieved from grey literature (eg, WHO reports) as well as academic literature, including a mix of peer-reviewed journal articles and book chapters from established publishers. While they were each finding ways to reform their health systems, the Asian financial crisis in 1997–98 posed more challenges for countries of the region. Health care delivery in Southeast Asia now relies on significant private enterprise, and seeking private care is now present across all socioeconomic levels [PDF] not just the very rich. Comparative analysis of the low fertility situation in east and south-east Asian countries. Health patterns in Southeast Asia have changed profoundly over the past century. Southeast Asia is at the forefront of AI healthcare innovation, as growing demand for medical services coincides with a surge in healthtech start-ups and investment. You will need to pay in advance for … Maternal mortality for 181 countries, 1980–2008: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 5. The mandatory Medicare, and more comprehensive Medishield insurance scheme, are open to those classed as ‘permanent residents’. Health-financing reforms in southeast Asia: challenges in achieving universal coverage. This has shaped the way healthcare is financed and organized. Impact to lung function of haze from forest fires: Singapore's experience. Thailand's national death registration reform: verifying the causes of death between July 1997 and December 1999. All authors contributed to data collection, interpretation, writing, and revision of the report. Last Updated November 16, 2020 | Healthcare Asia - Medical and Healthcare news in Asia . Quantitative data were retrieved from databases of WHO, the World Bank, and the UN Population Fund, as well as from the scientific literature. Compulsory licensing in Canada and Thailand: comparing regimes to ensure legitimate use of the WTO rules. In: UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division. Completing the fertility transition. World population Covered by Universal Health 9% > 80% South-East Asia’s Healthcare Market in 2020 In South-East Asia’s fastest growing markets, healthcare spending will grow up to 2.5 times faster than in BRIC markets. Infographic: South-east Asia Healthcare 2016 1. Ethnicity and fertility differentials in peninsular Malaysia: do policies matter?. UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Newest Issue is Out. However, the Thai government is still working on reducing its budget deficit and healthcare’s share of GDP is expected to stay flat, despite the growth in demand. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61507-3, We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Social health insurance: selected cases from Asia and the Pacific. Center for International Forestry Research. Most countries have enjoyed continuous rises in life expectancy since the 1950s, and these are converging. pdf files, Southeast Asia: an emerging focus for global health. Towards a comparative analysis of health systems reforms in the Asia-Pacific region. Annual report 2008–2009. Southeast Asia (SEA) is emerging as the bright spot for private healthcare provider investments, with increasing demand for private health services supported by strong growth fundamentals and the inherent gap in public healthcare infrastructure. Regional overview: east Asia and the Pacific. The figure provided on p 3 of the webappendix shows the relation between prevalence of tuberculosis and per head income (log-log scale). So far, the health-care systems with dominant tax funding are fairly stable, in view of the strong role of governments and effective controls by health agencies to overcome inequity problems. Data collection took place between June, 2009, and June, 2010. Social issues in the management of labour migration in Asia and the Pacific. However, evidence from studies of disease prevalence shows a strong inverse association with national wealth, which can be largely attributed to the social determinants of health, including the provision of more efficient health systems with greater population coverage. This cooperation has occurred via two channels—direct bilateral collaboration by individual countries (ministries of health and foreign affairs) and those under the aegis of ASEAN. Rapid but inequitable socioeconomic development, coupled with differing rates of demographic and epidemiological transitions, have accentuated health disparities and posed great public health challenges for national health systems, particularly the control of emerging infectious diseases and the rise of non-communicable diseases within ageing populations. There is significant undocumented or illegal migration as well as movement of displaced people in the region. The second demographic transition in Asia? © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Even in the poorest populations of the region, non-communicable diseases already kill more people than do communicable, maternal, and perinatal conditions combined, with many of these deaths occurring before old age. Demographic transition is taking place at among the fastest rates compared with other regions of the world, whether in terms of fertility reductions, population ageing, and rural-to-urban migration. The region accounts for 10 per cent of the world’s population and 20 per cent of the world’s disease burden, yet commands only 3 per cent of global healthcare expenditure. Countries in southeast Asia and their health system reforms can thus be categorised according to the stages of development of their health-care systems. Japan. Excellent outcomes among HIV+ children on ART, but unacceptably high pre-ART mortality and losses to follow-up: a cohort study from Cambodia. Impact of regional climate change on human health. Following Thailand’s introduction of a universal healthcare system in 2001, its healthcare spending has been increasing and is projected to grow eight per cent a year from 2014 to 2018 to reach US$18.7 billion. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Paper prepared for the Expert Group Meeting on Policy Responses to Population Ageing and Population Decline; New York, NY, USA; Oct 16–18, 2000. Concomitantly, all countries in the region are faced with large or looming chronic disease epidemics. Many traditional health practices persist alongside the use of new medical technologies and pharmaceutical products, presenting regulatory problems in terms of safety and quality. The global economic hub retained its number one position as the best place to obtain excellent healthcare at affordable rates. According to Deloitte’s 2015 Healthcare Outlook, Thailand’s spending on healthcare is estimated at 3.3 per cent of GDP in 2013, which is proportionately less than the Philippines, Malaysia or Singapore, but more than Indonesia (at 2.8 per cent in 2013). The politics of privatization in the Malaysian health care system. Social, political, and economic development during the past few decades has facilitated substantial health gains in some countries, and smaller changes in others. Emerging infectious diseases in southeast Asia: regional challenges to control. Air quality in Malaysia: impacts, management issues and future challenges. HIV and AIDS: where is the epidemic going?. Features. Southeast Asia is a region characterised by much diversity, including public health challenges. Population ageing and population decline: government views and policies. 1990S began with the disease burden shifting from infectious to chronic diseases density. And to introduce new concepts at different stages of development of their health-care systems business! Worldwide mortality in women and men aged 15–59 years from 1970 to 2010 a... Took place between June, 2010 world population prospects: the 2008 revision population.... But also for settlement except for stomach and cervical cancer, mortality from all cancers! Epidemic has emphasised the need to strengthen regional health collaboration were critically appraised analysed! Their exhibitions and to introduce new concepts: impacts, Management issues and future fertility trends,,. 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